To fix this you have to get adventurous and make edits to the registry. I found a solution to the slow process that is normally a standard part of finding and editing these entries. The program is called Registry Replace by Absolute Impulse. It allows you to do search and destroy string replacements similar to those you can perform with a standard text editor.

Xara Xtreme

A while back, Xara released their vector graphics program Xara Xtreme into the wilds of the WWW as open source software. While the Windows version is still payware, the Linux version is completely free (as in speech!) and makes a great addition to any Linux graphics suite. While Xara Xtreme is comparable to InkScape, they don’t share all of the same functions, and they are a good complement to one another. GNU/Linux only.
Link

Artweaver

Artweaver is a freeware program for use with tablet PCs and pen tablets. It can simulate paint brushes of various types, includes layering, standard image formats and plug-in support, and has standard editing features like croping, area selecting and some built-in image effects. Not bad for around 8 Mb. Windows only.
Link

ArtRage 2

Along the same lines as Artweaver, but more focused on the painting aspects of pen input, ArtRage 2 is a free, limited feature download with a payware, full feature version available. The main advantage of ArtRage 2 is that it really does feel like an honest to goodness drawing pad right there on your PC. The free version, includes pencil, paint brush and a few other tools that allow you to really have a lot of fun with your tablet. Windows only.
Link

FastStone MaxView

FastStone offers several freeware and shareware programs for manipulating and viewing images. FastStone MaxView is a great freeware replacement for Windows XP’s Photo and Fax Viewer. MaxView is faster and has more options and features than Photo and Fax Viewer, and has a borderless window as well as auto-hiding controls and hotkey support. Windows only.
Link

Photoscape

Photoscape is a freeware photo editing program which includes features that allow you to do general photo editing and enhancements. You can also use it as a batch editing tool and it also allows you to make animated GIFs. Windows only.
Link

BONUS!! Imageditor

I’ve recently come across a handy tool for editing the Windows registry to change which programs open image files by default. Windows automatically associates certain right-click actions (chiefly open and edit) with built-in programs. I’ve been using Paint.net as a replacement for MS Paint for a while, but I wanted to associate it with all the same image formats that Paint was. This way, Paint.net would use the built-in “Edit” context menu item.

Imageditor allows you to do just that, with no manual editing of the registry or going through the hassle of changing multiple items in the Folder Settings dialog. There are instructions on the Imageditor page on how to use it. Windows only.
Link

Any-who, one of our labs has us using mount and umount (did I mention that RHA030 is a basic GNU/Linux skills class with a RedHat flavor?) with a floppy drive. There are a couple of problems with this, however. One, there’s no virtual floppy disk on the virtual machine that’s been configured for class. Two, VMware Workstation 6 has this weird quirk (at least the version we have) that won’t allow you to create floppy images in the img format. It adds flp to the end of whatever you put want to name your file, and then gives this error that the file already exists, which doesn’t make a lot of sense since the Workstation just created the file and should know that.

So, here’s a (mostly) graphical tutorial that allows you to create your own floppy image and use it with VMware Workstation 6.

Step 1. Open VMware Workstation and select the virtual machine you want to add a virtual floppy drive to.

Step 2. Select “Edit Virtual Machine Settings” from that virtual machine’s “Commands” menu.

Step 3. From the “Virtual Machine Settings” dialog’s “Hardware” tab, click the “Add…” button

Step 4. On the “Hardware Wizard” dialog, select the “Floppy Drive” hardware type and then click the “Next” button.

Step 5. On the “Hardware Wizard” dialog, choose the “Create a blank floppy image” radio button and then click the “Next” button.

Step 6. On the “Hardware Wizard” dialog, click the “Bowse” button to choose a location for your floppy image.

Step 7. Type in the name of the image file you want to create. Notice I tried to input an “.img” extension which is one of the types listed in the file type select box. Don’t bother trying that because Workstation will automatically tack on a “.flp” extension regardless of what you input.

Step 8. Check your file’s path and then click “Finish”. What’s supposed to happen is, Workstation creates an image file with the name in the text box.

Step 9. What happens is Workstation adds the “.flp” extension, creates the image file, then gives you this Alert box stating: “Unable to create floppy image. File exists.” Idiotic really. Just click the “OK” button and proceed as follows.

Step 10. You’ll now see that your file name has been appended with the “.flp” extension and that and further “Finish” clicking will merely give you to opportunity to view the Alert box again. But don’t worry, because even though you’re getting error a strange and magical thing has happened. Click “Cancel” to proceed to the next step.

Step 11. Click “OK” on the “Virtual Machine Settings” dialog.

Step 12. Ok, this is less of a step than just a view of the results. Remember that “strange and magical” thing I mentioned? Well, as it turns out Workstation has added the floppy drive to your virtual hardware and created and added the floppy image to your floppy drive just fine even with those errors. Weird, weird, weird, but I’m not really complaining, now I can do my lab!

Hope this helps anyone still having problems with this.

Update!!
Had to add a comment to the replacement code below in order for this to work.

080404 Update!!
Yet again, code changes for new versions and what not.

Looks like Mozilla has added WebRunner to it’s Mozilla Labs line up and changed the name to Prism. From what they say, it’s going to be a cross between an open version of Adobe Air and Microsoft Silverlight and a localized lancher for web applications. Which, by my definition, is what utility computing is supposed to be like. Prism is currently for Windows only (they’d better hurry up with a Linux version), but it runs the same webapp files and also has added style sheet support – among other things – so you can style your webapps your way.

Anyway, I’ve been kind of discouraged by the lack of extension availability for WebRunner (and XulRunner for that matter). You’ll find in another of my posts a webapp for accessing the WebRunner extensions panel. Using this webapp, you can add new extensions (by installing or dropping them onto the panel), but at this point, adding extensions will fail because the version checking mechanism for WebRunner/XulRunner. To get around that, you need to change the extension’s compatibility information. These instructions will not work for every extension and your results will vary…

I recommend you find a smaller extension, download it and make the following changes:

1. Open the extension package (you can open it with 7-zip, ALzip, Winzip or any other archive program that works with zip files.
2. Extract and open the install.rdf with a text editor, I’d recommend Wordpad if your using windows.
3. Locate and change the following or something that looks like the following (this will vary by extension, but look for the Firefox description section – and you may find that you have to remove all references to all other Mozilla programs that the extension is compatible with for this to work):

<!--Firefox-->
<RDF:Description RDF:about="rdf:#$djS7s"
  em:id="{ec8030f7-c20a-464f-9b0e-13a3a9e97384}"
  em:minVersion="0.8"
  em:maxVersion="2.0.0.*" />

To:

<!--Webrunner-->
  <RDF:Description RDF:about="webrunner"
    em:id="webrunner@webapps.org"
    em:minVersion="0.1"
    em:maxVersion="10.0" />

or (again it will depend on which way the developer implemented the Firefox description):

<em:targetApplication>
  <!--Webrunner-->
  <Description>
    <em:id>webrunner@webapps.org</em:id>
    <em:minVersion>0.1</em:minVersion>
    <em:maxVersion>10.0</em:maxVersion>
  </Description>
</em:targetApplication>

If you’re using Prism, change to the following:

<RDF:Description RDF:about="prism"
  em:id="prism@developer.mozilla.org"
  em:minVersion="0.1"
  em:maxVersion="10.0" />

or

<em:targetApplication>
  <Description>
    <!--Prism-->
    <em:id>prism@developer.mozilla.org</em:id>
    <em:minVersion>0.1</em:minVersion>
    <em:maxVersion>10.0</em:maxVersion>
  </Description>
</em:targetApplication>

4. Then save the rdf file and add it back into the xpi archive.
5. You should be ready to install the extension using the Extensions.webapp

I found this parts of this bit of magic on Alex Sirota’s website along with the tip to check in the applicaiton.ini file for any XulRunner application’s ID. If you run into errors, then something is probably malformed in the rdf file so check that first. I won’t be much help in trouble shooting, and I’m not about to offer support for other peoples extensions on an unsupported application, but if you have problems, post a comment and I’ll give editing the rdf a go myself.

Over at Lifehacker they’ve posted about the standalone Mozilla based WebRunner. WebRunner is, well I’ve pretty much been over that already. The point is, you can launch a webapp from a standalone program, allowing you to do things without getting distracted by all that… extra web. I really like this concept, I now have links for Gmail, Google Reader, and all those other nifty web 2.0 apps I like.

I wanted to give this a try myself, so I’ve made a standalone Wikipedia launcher. Get it here. It’s a launcher for the Wikipedia’s English main page.

Make your own! It’s dead simple! All you do is install the WebRunner software, create an ini file for your app, create icons and zip these files together. Rename the zip file to your.webapp and your good to go!

There’s a couple of worrying things about the webapp files – from a security standpoint. The biggest of these is that you can include a js file with javascript that runs at an application level. In other words it has access to everything that the application has access to, like – oh I don’t know – the file system?! (in my best Church Lady voice – oh crap am I revealing my age!). Another is the fact that you’re using a zip format to distribute the rest of your files. Which of course can have it’s own security problems when used with other programs. You also don’t really have the ability to get at a lot of the standard Mozilla settings that WebRunner shares. So you can’t make adjustments to settings for cookies, passwords and the like.

At any rate, it’s still a relatively young application, so I’m sure they’ll get the security issues addressed, but for now, make sure you inspect those files before you run them!

Links:
WebRunner
Lifehacker post
My Wikipedia launcher

Disclaimer

Keep in mind while running these webapps with WebRunner, that WebRunner itself is still a in pre-release/beta stages. Which means that the webapps found on this site, while working to view sites and what not, are not intended to be a replacement for your standard browser. The websites you’ll be viewing were not designed to be used with WebRunner, and therefore not all features on these sites may be compatible with it. I claim no responsibility for any malfunctions related to WebRunner. I’m providing files that allow you to access some websites, nothing more. Feel free to use the webapp files found on this site, but keep in mind you’re using them at your own risk – and without warranty!

link

Plain Old Webserver (POW)

POW is either a really cool Firefox extension that turns Firefox into a web server or a lightweight xulRunner web server. Either way it serves up web pages using server side javascripting. Sweat! I still have to play with this a bit to get a feel for it because I’ve never used javascript on a server before, but considering this is portable to any system that xulRunner or Firefox will run on, it makes it a very versatile package right out of the box. While the fact that it doesn’t have a php module means I can’t do local development of my website on it (yet), POW does offer sqllite as a database. You can also download some extras for it like a Firefox database management or directory file listing.

You can also use the xulRunner “portably”. I quoted that because, while the POWUSB package includes both Windows and MAC xulrunner versions (no Linux yet either!), it isn’t exactly portable in the way that say, FirefoxPoratable is. In other words, if you run the included xulRunner on Windows, it will still leave files on your local file system. To make this truly portable, you’d need to refrain from leaving footprints on the system you’re using, therefore this really doesn’t qualify as a portableapp quite yet…

What can I say, other than – freakin’ sweat! Contained in just 14 files is a (partial) javascript based blog, file management (will kind of, read on), and a *nix-like terminal (again, kind of). The reason for all those caveats is this; pretty much the fact that is is a work in progress AND, the fact that nearly the entirety of the system is contained in the one file: miniweb.html. Any new blog posts, files (which can be text or I think some form of executable – through some javascript magic), etc. are all stored in the miniweb.html file.

As I mentioned, it’s a work in progress, so nothing is complete, the terminal, the blog, pretty much everything but file viewing and management is incomplete. At this point I’m still just toying with it, so it pretty much takes on the Arthur C. Clark idiom of being so far beyond my understanding that it appears to be magic. To wield some of this magic Dean appears to use a home grown javascript compressor. Just… wow…

To check out MiniWeb click here. To download it and play with it on your own, click here. When you open up the file or depending on what you click on in what ever browser you’re using, you’ll probably have to get passed some of your browser’s security to fully use the software. In IE I think you need to allow the software to function on the bar that appears at the top of the browser window, in Firefox, depending on what you’re trying to do you may have to allow the script to complete some actions (don’t forget that “remember this decision” checkbox). Too much fun to pass up…

Google’s translation service (as well as some of the other online translation services that I’d like to use) is classified as an anonymizer. This is due to the fact that you can use it to bypass the proxy and load pages that you can’t get to otherwise. Which is weird because Babel Fish will do exactly the same thing, only less reliably. I’m guessing this unreliability is why we’re allowed to use it (maybe I’m just being paranoid).

I’ve found a way around the proxy we use (of course this will only work until someone figures this out and adds a new filter and stops this behavior). Use Google in another country/language and access that translation service as an anonymizer:
German: http://translate.google.com/translate_t?hl=de
Japanese: http://translate.google.com/translate_t?hl=ja
Etc., you get the point.

From there just select the proper language to translate to/from. I haven’t tried the above links form work yet. I usually navigate to the translation services from the Google home page for that country (ie http://www.google.de > Mehr > Übersetzen or http://www.google.jp > more » > 翻訳). So, we’ll see if this works when I try to access the translation services directly…

UPDATE – 070725

This does work from behind proxies. At least as of this date…

Lucky me, the soil was loose and sand-like. It took two tries to get the jack to lift the wheel off the ground. After the first attempt I had the tire off. That’s when the jack slid out from under my truck! Remember two tires weren’t on the shoulder and this made the truck off-level. Since the soil was so loose I had to find some debris to stick under the jack to keep it from sinking into the ground when I was jacking up my truck. I had to use two jacks, alternating between the two and using different hard points to jack, to get the wheel up to a height I could use to get the donut on. It took an hour to change my tire because I didn’t have 1) enough of a shoulder to make the truck level and change the tire safely, and 2) anything to put under the jack or to backup the jack.

So, here’s a couple of tips to help you prepare for a flat:

1. Carry two jacks – Your vehicle will normally come with one (sometimes even if it’s a used car!), but you should pick up a second, hydraulic (2-ton or better if you have a larger vehicle) jack to use in case you need it.
2. Get a support – Use this to backup your jack. You can make one out of 6 x 6 scrap lumber (cut about 8 – 10 inches long, about the hight of your jack when it’s fully extended) or you can pick up an adjustable one at your local parts store.
3. Have a 2 x 4 or other type of base for the jack – Use this in case you need to put the jack onto something to disperse the downward pressure of the jack on soft soil. I found a piece of scarp metal that worked well, but if I hadn’t had that I’d still be along side of the road.
4. Carry a cell phone and keep it charged – Yes, I have a cell phone, but it wasn’t charged. I even have a AAA membership I could have used if I’d been able call. But it didn’t help me much to have a cell phone or AAA membership without a charge on the phone, did it…
5. Make sure you’ve got a jack and tire iron that fits the lug nuts on your tires – This should be self explanatory, I’ve had several used vehicles and and I’ll tell you right now that you need to check to see if you even have a jack or tire iron let alone if it fits the lug nuts on the tires. Of course, it did take not having the right sized tire iron once to get me into this habit.

Anyway, you should have an emergency kit in your car already, including a first-aid kit. These items I’ve recommended are some extras I would have liked to have had handy when I was changing my tire. You’re mileage may vary, and your extras list may contain other items I haven’t thought of. Any one want to make some suggestions?

First create a new profile

This is actually really simple, you just need to do one of two things:

Select Case

Case 1

From a command prompt or Start menu > Run type:

“[path_to_firefox]\firefox.exe” -CreateProfile [profile_name]

For most of us running Windows this will look like:

“C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe” -CreateProfile test

(“test” would be the profile name in this case)

Case 2

You can create a copy your Mozilla Firefox shortcut on your desktop, right click and select properties, then add the -CreateProfile [profile_name] in the “Target” field on the “Shortcut” tab of the properties dialog. Then click OK and double click the shortcut.

End Select

In either case, Firefox will create the new profile and not open any windows.

Now that you have a new profile you need to be able to open your new browser with the new profile (I’m assuming that you’ve downloaded a new browser and have extracted or installed it to your liking).

Create a new shortcut to you’re new browser

You can either copy your shortcut (if you’ve installed it) or create a new shortcut to the new version of firefox.exe, then (just like in Case 2 above) right click on the shortcut and in the “Target” text box, add -P test (or whatever you’ve used as your new profile’s name) to the end of the quoted firefox.exe path. The click OK.

Now, if you simply double click this icon you’ll open a new instance of your new browser build and you can start to play.

Just in case you want to use both your old browser and your new browser side-by-side

So, you say you’re curious if that website looks the same in your old browser as it does in your new browser, and you need them both open to tell? Well that’s no problem either. Open up the shortcut properties to your new browser just like you did above and after the “-P test” add in “-no-remote”. Now you can open multiple profiles, which should allow you to open your old browser and new browser side-by-side.

Have fun!

Reference Links from mozillaZine knowledge base:
Profile Manager
Command line arguments

Plenty of GNU/Linux resources from people all over the world on the internet. And that’s where this post comes in! IBM is dedicated to GNU/Linux, and not just by pouring millions into development and patenting! They have this huge database of how-tos, articles, download links and so forth available from their Linux developerWorks website. Like this nice little walk-through on how to use linux scripts to build your own wireless ISP. Now, you’d expect IBM to promote IBM Linux products (do they have those?), well, they don’t. This site’s instructions, recommendations and walk-throughs are all based around software that can be downloaded freely from other sources on the internet (checkout their downloads page if you don’t believe me!).

Links:
IBM developerWorks – Linux
IBM developerWorks – New to Linux
IBM developerWorks – Technical Library (be sure to checkout their LPI certification prep series!)

link

Fitz, MuPDF and Apparition

Now, before you get your hopes up too far, this a reader only. It will open PDF documents in Firefox, but that’s about it. You can’t use it to print, zoom in/out, select text or any of the other things you normally do with Adobe’s Acrobat. So if I were using this (hey wait, I am using this!) I’d disable Adobe Acrobat’s open PDF in browser option, (edit>preferences – general tab, I think, hell if you dislike Acrobat that much, just uninstall it…), install MuPDF, then restart Firefox. Next install (if you don’t already have it installed) PDF Download, and your choice of PDF viewing software (I recommend Sumatra or Foxit Reader). Now you can use MuPDF to open PDFs in Firefox or use PDF Download to download it to your hard drive, OR use PDF Download to open the document in your favorite alternate PDF viewer.

How To: Redirect Errors From Standard Out to Nowhere (*nux)

Here’s how to get rid of those annoying error messages you really don’t care about when running a script (everybody’s got their own excuse for not wanting to see this type of thing, even though it can be handy now and again):

user@computer:~$ [command] [options] 2>&1

Stick “2>&1” at the end of your command string, that about covers it!!

How To: Launch Firefox With a Specific Chrome Interface (Windows)

Ever install a nifty little Mozilla Firefox extension and want to run it as a standalone program? Here’s how:

C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox>firefox.exe -chrome [chrome path]

Add the “-chrome” option to the firefox command, then add the chrome path after that. Here’s an example of how to launch the bookmarks manager as a standalone program:

C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox&gt;firefox.exe <strong>-chrome chrome://browser/content/bookmarks/bookmarksManager.xul</strong>

Enjoy!!

1. You need three things to better promote your website. A meta tag to summarize your site contents, a sitemap.xml file to direct search engines on where to look for content you want them to find, and a robots.txt file to tell search engines what not to look at. Keep in mind that, from a security standpoint, any one of these things can be used against you by someone gathering information about your site (reconnaissance is the first step to any action). So balance your desire for traffic with a healthy dose of paranoia (see paranoia is healthy).

Meta tags should include search phrases and text, but don’t go and overload the tag with content. Keep it as lean as possible while still covering as much as you can. The more focused your meta tag, the better your page rank will turn out.

2. The more your site is linked to, the higher your page rank for certain terms. Usually this type of rank is context sensitive, i.e. where the link appears weighs toward your page is rank. If you post to forums which are related to your site, I’d recommend adding a link to your site in your signature or in your user profile, or even hosting content on your site and posting links to it in these forums. When a search engine crawls that site, it will pick up those links and help increase your page rank.

3. Submitting your page to search engines does help. As a matter of fact, Google offers quite a few good resources for webmasters. Webmaster Tools, Webmaster Central and Webmaster Central Blog can help considerably. Also, if your trying to submit you page to Google, the link isn’t always the easiest thing to find, so here’s the link. Google’s Webmaster Tools is a good way to both verify your sitemap.xml and robots.txt. It also allows you to view other statistics about how Google is crawling and caching your site.

Here are some other resources you might find helpful:

Web Server Administrator’s Guide to the Robots Exclusion Protocol
sitemaps.org
.htaccess Tutorial
Webmaster Help Center – How do I add my feed to the search results for Google’s personalized homepage or Google Reader?
WEBMASTER GUIDELINES DIRECTLY FROM GOOGLE
11 Ways to Find New RSS Subscribers for Your Blog

[cpg_imagefixthumb:145]A few months ago I picked up a two pack of Great Stuff expanding foam insulation. I needed the first can when I bought it so the other can sat on a shelf in our storeroom until today. I’d decided to finally fill in the gaps around the window in our bathroom. So I got the can, shook it up and was about to put the applicator/handle on when I noticed that it wasn’t assembled. It’s supposed to come assembled. In other words – it was broken, damn – now what. I didn’t want to run out to the store to get another can just for another applicator.

That leaves just one option, trying to fix it myself. I tried gluing it using the only adhesive I had. Crazy-super-extra-hold-tight-glue-stuff (you know, the generic stuff), it didn’t work, I held it together for several minutes and it fell apart as soon as I removed pressure. So either the glue’s bad (it is an old tube) or whatever plastic they used for the applicator is some sort of polymer that resists chemical adhesion (well I guess it would be, after all Great Stuff doesn’t exactly stick to the applicator and it does a great job at sticking to my skin).

Well now what… Time to improvise! I looked around for a properly sized tube of some sort, preferably with a handy bend in it. Then I remembered, we have bendy straws in the kitchen! Woohoo – what can’t bendy straws do!

[cpg_imagefixthumb:144][cpg_imagefixthumb:143]I checked the size of the straw against the size of the threaded tube coming out of the can. The straw was just a little too small, That’s easily fixed I used a knife and a pair of scissors as augers to stretch out the end of the straw so that I could fit it on the can. Unfortunately this process twisted the straw a few times and made the straw too weak to press down onto the can’s tube without bending the straw (making the situation worse) or squirting some stuff out. I could have tried another straw (after all I had a whole pack to work with), but something told me I’d be going through quite a few straws before I got one that worked. Or worse yet, I wouldn’t get one that worked.

Hmmm… What to do? Actually, my wife had the solution. She handed me a green tube, which was very stiff and just a hundredth of an inch or so larger than the straw. My wife being sometimes the helpful sort, but more often than not the tortuous sort (she knows this, and seems to be just fine with it) told me with a smile that this tube was from a tampon.

Yikes… Well – I guess that works too…

[cpg_imagefixthumb:142]So I slid the green tube over the straw. Then, I carefully slid the straw onto the the can’s threaded tube. Carefully because Great Stuff is, well, great stuff, but it takes forever to clean off your skin and I really didn’t want it spraying out of the can while I was trying to put something that doesn’t quite fit onto it. [cpg_imagefixthumb:141]I then slid the green tube down the straw and over the can’s tube. This gave me an extra tight fit and enough rigidity to use the straw as the applicator. I then went to work on the window. I pressed on the can’s tube to start the flow, it hissed and the stuff started to flow! The tampon tube/straw combo worked! Thanks to the tampon tube it didn’t pop off right away and [cpg_imagefixthumb:146]the straw didn’t bend when I put pressure on it. The straw did pop off once when the can was nearly empty, but this was because I was pressing on the can’s tube where the straw was fitted to it, and I pushed it off – I was able to put it back on and continue.

So there you have it. If you loose the applicator or it breaks, you can always grab a tampon applicator and go.. to… town… Ahem, yeah.

Here’s something fun. If I run cache:www.luckydisasters.com from my Google Site Search bar I get the cached version of my website on my website. From there I can go to my current website from the Google search frame and browse from there.[cpg_imagefixthumb:70]

What does this mean? I have no clue, but it is amusing for a few minutes. If I come up with anything useful for this, I’ll post it! In the mean time, give it a try if you have Google Site Search!

UPDATE!! 070219

I originally did this from work. I tried this at home and it didn’t work. Looks like I’ve got to compare the Tab Mix Plus Firefox Extension settings on either system to figure out how I got this to work on one browser and not the other…

With Firefox the process is s a little more simple in that you can make the changes from your about:config file:

“If you want to view the HTML source of a web page using an external text editor instead of the built-in source viewer in Firefox, use about:config to set view_source.editor.external to true, and then set view_source.editor.path to e.g. C:\Windows\Notepad.exe or whatever is your preferred text editor.”

If you use the excellent Firefox extension Web Developer then you’ve also got a way to add several other programs for specific purposes. For instance, if you wanted to use Top Style Lite for checking out CSS and the afore mentioned Programmer’s Notepad for PHP and ASP, but not HTML or JS files.